Koj Paub Ntau npaum li cas txog hom kev luam ntawv ntau tshaj plaws hauv khw niaj hnub no?

Koj paub ntau npaum li cas txog hom kev luam ntawv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm lub khw niaj hnub no?

Keeb kwm ntawm tus cwj mem rov qab mus ntev, raws li Wikipedia, cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas muaj sia nyob hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 26 BC.

Niaj hnub no, muaj ntau hom tshuab luam ntawv, txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej zoo thiab kev lag luam. Letterpress, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev luam ntawv mus txog rau xyoo 1940, tsis tshua pom niaj hnub no. Cov hauv qab no yog cov hom tseem ceeb ntawm inks siv nyob rau hauv niaj hnub printing presses:

Offset (paste) number case

Letterpress number case raug tshem tawm los ntawm offset number case. Thaum letterpress inks yog luam tawm los ntawm daim ntawv, offset presses tuaj yeem luam ntau nplooj ntawv nrog yob-rau-yob lossis ntawv-fed presses. Peb hom tseem ceeb ntawm offset luam ntawv inks yog sheetfed, thermoset thiab coldset inks. Inks feem ntau yog roj raws thiab qhuav tom qab luam ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm kev siv cov peev txheej txuas ntxiv dua tshiab, xws li cov khoom soy.

Txog rau xyoo 2010, kev luam ntawv offset yog cov txheej txheem luam ntawv tseem ceeb rau txog xya xyoo lawm. Lawv zoo tagnrho rau kev tshaj tawm; Qhov txias tshaj plaws (lossis cov ntawv xov xwm) yog tus cwj mem thawj rau cov ntawv xov xwm, phau ntawv xov tooj, thiab lwm yam. Lawv muaj cov pa roj carbon dub thiab cov ntawv khi tshwj tsis yog yuav tsum muaj xim xim.

Cov ntawv xov xwm feem ntau tuaj yeem luam tawm ntawm cov xovxwm kub (lossis luam tawm gravure). Cov no yog yob-rau-yob presses muaj peev xwm khiav ntawm 2,500 ko taw ib feeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov thermoset inks zoo sib xws hauv cov khoom sib xyaw rau cov kua dej txias.

Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev siv Internet dav dav, cov ntawv xov xwm thiab cov ntawv xov xwm kev lag luam tau cuam tshuam. Xov xwm thiab kev muag khoom ntawm thermoset inks raug cuam tshuam raws li.

Qhov no coj peb mus rau sheetfed number case. Sheetfed inks tshwm hauv cov ntawv xov xwm thiab cov ntawv tshaj tawm txhua xyoo thiab tau poob qis hauv xyoo tas los no. Txawm li cas los xij, txij li cov nplooj ntawv tau pub rau hauv cov xovxwm luam ntawv, lawv tuaj yeem ua cov substrates thicker, tso cai rau kev tsim cov folding cartons. Cov xovxwm tam sim no tuaj yeem khiav mus txog 20,000 nplooj ntawv ib teev.

Ntim tau ua pov thawj tias yog kev lag luam loj hlob rau cov tshuab luam ntawv sheetfed. Sheetfed inks feem ntau yog UV kho. Raws li kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no los ntawm Smithers, kev luam ntawv offset tab tom ntsib kev hloov pauv raws li thev naus laus zis hloov kho kev lag luam.

Kua number case rau ntim

Liquid number case, feem ntau yog flexo thiab gravure number case, yog lub tshuab tseem ceeb rau ntim, thiab flexo yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb. Flexo thiab gravure tshuab luam ntawv yog yob-rau-yob tshuab luam ntawv. Nyob ntawm cov substrate thiab daim ntawv thov, cov inks npog tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm dej-raws li, hnyav-raws li thiab UV technology.

Piv txwv li, txij li cov kuab tshuaj raws li cov kuab tshuaj tau qhuav kom tshem tawm cov kuab tshuaj, lawv feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau ntawm cov yas substrates thiab feem ntau ntawm cov ntim tau yooj yim. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, dej-raws li inks yog thawj inks rau corrugated ntawv vim hais tias lawv tuaj yeem qhuav rau corrugated board lossis kraft ntawv. Digitization tau nce hauv av hauv cov khw no, tab sis peb yuav tau mus rau qhov ntawd sai sai.

Raws li rau muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm kua number case, lub ntsiab sib txawv ntawm paste number case thiab kua number case yog hom resin thiab additives. Paste inks siv hydrocarbon resins, thaum kua inks yuav siv acrylic, nitrocellulose, polyamide, thiab lwm yam resins.

digital ink

Digital printing yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev luam ntawv. Nws tau dhau los ua lag luam yav dhau los los ntawm cov ntxaij vab tshaus (billboards, vuas) thiab offset printing (direct mail). Nws kuj tseem loj hlob hauv kev lag luam xws li textiles thiab folding cartons. Digital number case kuj tau nthuav dav rau hauv kev lag luam corrugated luam ntawv.

Tus yuam sij rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev luam ntawv digital yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws; nws tsuas yog ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm digital uas cov khoom me me tuaj yeem tsim tau tus nqi zoo, txawm tias nws yog tus kheej xa ntawv, cov qauv lossis cov phiaj xwm kev cai, lossis cov xwm txheej hauv cheeb tsam lossis cov xwm txheej. Muaj cov xovxwm hybrid uas sib txuas cov thev naus laus zis nrog flexo lossis sheetfed, tso cai rau cov tshuab luam ntawv los ua tus kheej cov haujlwm lossis ntxiv cov cim taug qab tshwj xeeb.

Raws li qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov inks muaj kev txhawj xeeb, ntau yam xim tuaj yeem siv tau. Dyes thaum chiv thawj siv rau feem ntau daim ntaub ntawv, tab sis pigments tau ua ntau dua puas tau vim lawv lightfastness. Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias cov xim yuav tsum tau muab faib ua kom zoo, vim tias qhov viscosity yuav tsum tau siv dav hlau tus number case tsis clogging lub printhead yog qhov tseem ceeb. Vim li no, tsoos resins feem ntau tsis siv. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ib txwm additives, surfactants, defoamers thiab rheology modifiers feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv inkjet inks.

Zog Curable Ink

Energy-curable inks tau ua kom muaj kev vam meej hauv kev ntim khoom thiab luam ntawv digital hauv ob xyoo dhau los. Cov no tau tawg mus rau hauv Ultraviolet (UV), Electron Beam (EB) thiab, tsis ntev los no, UV LEDs, uas nws siv tau loj hlob sai heev vim nws tsis xav tau cov roj teeb uas muaj mercury siv hauv cov tsoos UV.

Qhov zoo ntawm kev kho lub zog yog xav txog hauv cov txheej txheem kho. Tus number case kho tam sim ntawd thaum raug UV, UV LED lossis EB teeb. Qhov no txo ​​cov hneev taw, vim tias tsis tas yuav muaj qhov cub kom sov tus number case, cov khoom siv hnyav, lossis qhov chaw loj rau cov khoom muag kom qhuav. UV inks zoo li yuav kim dua li dej-raws li los yog hnyav-raws li inks. Vim tias tsis muaj cov kuab tshuaj lossis cov tshuaj tsis haum xeeb (VOCs), UV thiab EB raug suav hais tias yog cov thev naus laus zis zoo ib puag ncig.

Cov binders siv nyob rau hauv lub zog-kho inks txawv ntawm cov pa inks. Rau UV thiab UV LEDs, photoinitiators yog qhov tseem ceeb rau crosslink tus number case rau substrate. EB yog kho nrog acrylic monomers.

Coj cwj mem

Conductive inks tau loj hlob mus rau hauv ib lub niche loj heev rau cov neeg xa ntawv number case. Pa PV yog lub lag luam loj tshaj plaws rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob vim tias cov ntawv rov qab yog cov ntawv luam tawm. Sensors yog ib qho kev hloov pauv.

Kev tshuaj ntsuam luam ntawv yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb, ua raws li inkjet. Nws nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov. Piv txwv li, kev tshuaj ntsuam luam ntawv tso cai rau cov neeg tsim khoom siv cov txheej txheem tuab ntawm cov cwj mem los yog muab tshuaj txhuam, uas ua rau kom muaj kev ua tau zoo. Hauv qhov sib piv, yog tias lub tswv yim ntawm lub tshuab luam ntawv yog siv tus lej me me hauv qhov chaw tsom (xws li cov kab hluav taws xob), lub tshuab luam ntawv yuav siv inkjet.

Qhov sib txawv tshaj plaws hauv kev muaj pes tsawg leeg yog hom khoom siv hluav taws xob siv rau cov inks thiab pastes. Silver yog nyob deb ntawm ntau tshaj vim nws ua hluav taws xob zoo heev. Hais txog tus nqi, tooj liab oxide yuav zoo tagnrho, tab sis qhov tsis zoo yog tias tooj liab yuav oxidize sai heev. Carbon-based inks tau ua tiav hauv cheeb tsam no.